Introduction to the book of Leviticus
The Book of Leviticus receives its English title from the Latin Vulgate, which is derived from the Greek Septuagint (LXX) title Leuitikon (Λευιτικόν), meaning “Levitical” or “pertaining to the Levites.”
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Peleg and Reu: The Genealogical Bridge to Abraham
Genesis 11:18 records that Peleg lived thirty years and begot Reu, continuing the genealogy from Shem to Abraham. While this verse appears to be a simple genealogical notation, it carries theological weight within the broader narrative of salvation history.
Christological Significance: This genealogy appears in Luke 3:35, where the Evangelist traces the ancestry of Christ back through Reu and Peleg to Adam and ultimately to God. The inclusion of these patriarchs in Christ’s genealogy demonstrates that the Son of God entered fully into human history, assuming a lineage that passed through every generation from creation to the Incarnation. The Fathers understood these genealogies as demonstrating the reality of Christ’s human nature against docetic heresies that denied His true humanity.
The Name of Reu: The name Reu (in Hebrew, Re’u) is related to the concept of friendship or shepherding. Some patristic commentators saw in the patriarchal names a progressive revelation pointing toward Christ, the Good Shepherd who calls His sheep friends. Saint Ephrem the Syrian, in his commentary on Genesis, noted that even the names preserved in Scripture carry spiritual meaning, as nothing in the inspired text is superfluous.
Liturgical Connection: The genealogies of Genesis are read during the Great Lenten season as part of the continuous reading of Genesis at Vespers. This placement reminds the faithful that the entire sweep of human history from Adam through the patriarchs was a preparation for Christ’s coming. The Church invites us during Lent to see ourselves within this same salvation history, as spiritual descendants of these patriarchs through baptism into Christ.
The Shortening of Years: Attentive readers notice that the lifespans recorded after the Flood progressively decrease. Peleg lived 239 years, and subsequent generations lived even shorter lives. The Fathers interpreted this decline as reflecting humanity’s continued distance from the original blessing of creation, yet also as God’s mercy in limiting the years during which humans might accumulate sin. This gradual diminishment points to humanity’s need for the restoration that would come through Christ, who conquered death itself.
Continuity of the Promise: Each generation recorded in this genealogy represents God’s faithfulness in preserving the line through which blessing would come to all nations. Despite the scattering at Babel recorded just verses earlier, God maintained His covenant purpose. The Orthodox understanding of divine providence sees in these genealogies not mere historical record but the patient working of God across centuries toward the fullness of time when He would send His Son.
The Book of Leviticus receives its English title from the Latin Vulgate, which is derived from the Greek Septuagint (LXX) title Leuitikon (Λευιτικόν), meaning “Levitical” or “pertaining to the Levites.”

The Book of Exodus receives its English title from the Greek Septuagint (LXX), where it is called Exodos (Ἔξοδος), meaning “departure” or “exit.” This name was chosen because the central

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